Interactive Session by SVNIT Alumni of Batch 1970

Reading Time: 2 minutes

The alumni of 1965-70, amongst the earliest batches of SVREC had a joyous reunion, remembering their youthful days of college, how they went ahead in life and made their efforts worth its weight in gold! Of the glorious gathering of around 25 alumni , we the current generation of SVNITians had the honour of knowing, hearing and connecting to them through a CEV Talk entitled “Interactive Session by SVNIT Alumni of Batch 1970” on 8th February,2015.

cev team with alumni of '70 batch
cev team with alumni of ’70 batch

The first talk was delivered by Mr. S. Neelakantan (Retd Scientist ‘G’, Group Dir., Helicopter and Fighter Aircraft DRDO) entitled “Helicopters- Concepts and Development” wherein he discussed about the fundamental concepts & history of Indian Helicopter Technologies, development of indigenously built Advanced Light Helicopters- Dhruv, its design, development tests & certification. Prospects of future advanced warfare & tactical helicopters along with their robustness was also shared.

In one of the most interactive sessions, Mr.  Sailesh Lakdawala , Energy Consultant , Duke Energy, USA gave insights on power generation, working and reliability of Nuclear Power. He discussed the current scenario of Nuclear Power Generation in USA, India and rest of the world. This interesting talk also discussed about Fukushima Daiichi Reactor failure, Chernobyl Disaster, Thorium Reactors, Breeder vessels, Small Modular Reactors, Pressurised Water Reactor & Boiling Water Reactors.

In yet another captivating talk, Mr. Harsh Thakkar , Senior Consultant, National Grid USA emphasised the importance of System Protection and also gave us the optimism of honing entrepreneurship skills by giving an example of Green Light Planet , a Forbes 30 under 30 (2012)  start-up founded by his son Mr. Anish Thakkar. In end we had an overview of current Elevator Technology by Mr. Satish Mandirwala, Eskay Elevators.

It was heart rendering to interact with alumni who had such diverse backgrounds such as US Navy Weapon Systems, Indian Army, Super Alloy Project, Mining Industry etc.

We thank all the alumni for sharing valuable lessons and ethics important for all to succeed in life. We also extend gratitude to Dr. PD Porey, Director, SVNIT, Mr. Utpal Mistry President & Mr. Kamal Parekh Hon. Secretary of SVNIT Alumni Association for extending their help in making this event a grand success. We also thank all CEVians for working hard to put together a successful informative session and the wide spectrum of audience that came to listen the golden words of wisdom of their alumni.

 

– Pratik Chatrath  (Founder, CEV )  & Harshit Kapadia (Co-Founder, CEV )

 

Rich Resources of SVNIT Surat

Reading Time: 2 minutes

 

1.       Facility to download IEEE Research Papers for no cost through SVNIT  Local Area Network

IEEE is The World’s largest professional association for the advancement of technology. For us, it is a very good platform to read about all Research Papers written for all branches of Electrical & Electronics Engineers. But you need to be a member of that particular IEEE society to be able to download and read the paper. But!!! Our college provided us access to IEEE papers from our campus. So if you connect to IEEE website from our college LAN then you can access and download the papers!!!

So wait for what?? Read the latest research papers on various IEEE Societies mentioned onhttp://www.ieee.org/membership_services/membership/societies/index.html

Link to IEEE Explore for seeing a Research Paper of your interest- http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp

 

2.       Magazine and Journal Section in Central Library

Entering Central Library and on the second floor there is a Section for Magazines and journals for all branches which are the best way to stay in touch with the latest in technology. So go any explore your technical interest…..

 

3.       Reference Section 2nd Floor Central Library

We have a whole section of the best reference books for 100s different topics of all branches in our Reference Section. Avail that facility to read them and get your fundamentals crystal clear

 

4.       Digital Library – Store house of all well know Tech Journals ….

Go to svnit.ac.in -> Central Facility -> Central Library -> On Right Section Digital Library LINK

You need to login through our college LAN and then you can access various cool stuff like

E-BooksSpringler E-books, Cambridge University Press E-Book …….

E-JournalsScience DirectACM Digital Library, Institute of Civil Engineering Journals, Engineering Science Data Unit Series etc..

Purchased/Subscribed Standards

Previous Year Question Papers

Internship

Reading Time: 4 minutes

 

Quoting what IIT Delhi Global Internship Program FAQ;s Have to say:

https://sites.google.com/site/aicetinterns/

 

  I am a student of the <>th semester, can I apply ?

Every student is (wrongly) advised by seniors to go for a internship at the earliest opportunity. Senior students often tell junior students (wrongly) that grades don’t count, and that projects are all that matter. They are wrong. Grades count – we look at your grades very carefully when we select you for the Internship.

The best time to go for a Internship is in the summer following Semester 6 + Semester 7 (nearly 9 months), or the whole of Semester 7 + winter + Semester 8 (almost a year). Without doing your discipline courses in Semesters 6 and 7, you could be very badly prepared for any internship.

Please try to follow the advice below when you choose your Internship period:

 If you are a student of Semester …. : Advice 
 Semester 1,2,3
  1. Please do not come for this internship or ANY internship for that matter in Semester 1-3.
  2. Take your textbooks for the next semester and study the chapters.
  3. Try to solve the questions and read alternative textbooks in the area.
  4. Also, do NOT join C# / .ASP / .NET coaching classes – such courses only reduce your study time. An employer will probably hire a programmer for these skills and not a software engineer. 

    Confused ? The difference between a software engineer and a programmer is like the difference between a doctor and a compounder. Both can administer a injection, perhaps even equally well – but only the doctor would knowwhy the injection was necessary. Even if the compounder, due to long practice, gets to administer the injecton more deftly than the doctor, the doctor will still be the only of the two who knows why. The compounder would always know just how to administer the injection.

    If programming also interests you, buy a good book on the language you want to program in, download linux (www.ubuntu.com) and learn it for free at home.

 Semester 4
  1. Please avoid coming for a Internship in Semester 4 unless there is something special you think you need to do. Special things could be going to Institute X because there is a Scientist X there who specialises in Algorithm Y, taking a course in a area not taught in your Institute next semester.
 Semester 5, 6
  1. Prepare for your Internship by doing all of the following:
    1. Read the latest journals in areas of interest every Friday – either in the library or on the net (see www.webproforum.com)
    2. Read alternative text books
    3. Read IEEE / IEE Journals for recent papers – don’t bother if you don’t understand everything at first (30% understood is good enough). Keep reading.
    4. Form Special Interest Groups (SIGs), meet on a weekly basis and discuss topics
    5. Give (voluntarily) a Weekly Seminar on what you read – you could give this to your Special Interest Group
    6. Talk to your own Faculty / lab technicians for possible projects you could do – whether in lab-oriented or theoretical projects.
    7. Start identifying faculty in your institute or outside your Institute in the areas of interest. Write to them.
      Do NOT write emails indiscriminately to hundreds of people – it will backfire on you when you are found out.
    8. Attend conferences, talks and lectures in your city.
    9. Watch Discovery, CNN, National Geographic and Eklavya.
    10. Join a local library. Visit the local University library. Read fiction and non-fiction. Take Art classes. Take pottery classes. Learn to play a musical instrument.
    11. Watch lectures of the courses you are being taught on YouTube.
    12. Read the course material of the courses being taught to you on MIT’s Open courseware site or IIT’s NPTEL site.
    13. Apply for Internship in time
 Semester 7,8
  1. Try to do projects within your Institute. Accomodation is not a problem. People know you and your background and the chance of being handed a task you cannot execute is minimal.

    On the other hand, a Faculty Member in another Institute is very likely to assume that you have done something in your coursework which you have not done.  You avoid all the following when you do your project in your own Institute ! It is no joke – it cuts into work time and influences work moods significantly.Only when it is absolutely unavoidable, go outside your Institute to do a Internship. And if you do go to another Institute, give first priority to availability of accomodation on campus even if it is marginally more expensive. This saves time and you get to meet more people in your peer group, have longer working hours and tend to achieve much more in your Internship.

    1. Coming to a strange city or a strange country
    2. getting accomodation, or even having to adjust yourself into a relative’s home for six long months
    3. having constantly worried parents
    4. dealing with indifferent food
    5. going through long commutes
    6. suffering irregular mealtimes

 

Things I would like to add:

2 most inspiring and knowledgeable novel that will change your thinking:

Fountainhead By Ayn Rand

 Outliers – Malcolm Gladwell

For ones who are not not good at programming read “The C Programming Language (Ansi C Version) 2nd Edition” written by creator of C – Dennis Rotchie. It costs only Rs 146!!! Link

For 1st yearites the best option to get their 1st year concepts right by watching videos @ NPTEL’s & MIT 1st year course for EC & Comps students Link1 Link2

Videos of Basic 1st and 2nd sem subjects. Just watch them at 1.5x speed as you may feel them to be bit slow!!!

 Few good place to look for Internships online: www.internshala.com, www.twenty19.com

+ List of Online Portal to see video lectures, projects, departmental magazines, some god father tech sites is provided in “Extra Edgy Things For All Engineers” Blog

Extra Edgy Things For All Engineers

Reading Time: 3 minutes
World Class Education Websites :- 

1.) edX.org

2.) coursera.org

3.) NPTEL.ac.in (watch at 1.5 x speed )

 

Internship and Workshop : Companies

 

1.) I3 Indiya

2.) Wegilant( Speacilized in Cyber Security)

3.) Robosapiens

4.) Technophilia

5.) Thinkware (Good for Matlab)

6.) Thinklabs

7.) Waayoo

8.) Learnics.in

9.) Logicbrigade.com

10.) STP.mbsgroup.in-(Also Has Course on F1 Car Design and Development)

 

To-Do Projects :-

 

Electronics Engineering

1.) SMPS

2.) POV

3.) LED CUBE

4.) FM Receiver

5.) Line Follower

6.) Temperature Controlled Fan

7.) Phone Jammer

8.) 555 Timer Projects

9.) Raspberry Pi

 

Mechanical Engineering

1.) Robotic Arm

2.) RC Plane

3.) Hovercraft

4.) Wall Climbing Robot

5.) Rope Climbing Robot

6.) Pole Climbing Robot

7.)Tricopter/Quadcopter

8.) Hydraulic Lift Arm

 

Chemical

1.) Batteries: Batteries of Your Own, like

  • Galvanic Cell
  • Zinc Air Battery
  • Al Air Battery
  • Al CU Battery

2.) Propulsion System: Car using

  • Vinegar+ Baking Soda
  • Decomposition of H2O2

3.) Search On MFC-Microbial Fuel Cell

4.) Research Alternate Source of Energy like Jatropha Seeds

 

 

 

 (continue on right column…..)

Electrical Engineering

1.) Power Generation from Moving Vehicles

2.) Power Theft Protection

3.) Booster Circuit

4.) Inverter Circuit

 

Civil Engineering

1.) Cardboard Model Building

2.) Designing On Softwares

3) Some Famous Civil Engineering Projects – Bridges, Tunnels and Dams

 

Computer Engineering

1.)Read: A Complete Reference to Java by Herbert Schildt

2.) Make Applets

3.) Android App Development

4.) Game Development

5.) AI-Artificial Intelligence: – Course on edX

6.) Read HTML: – HTML-5 for Web Development

7.) PHP

8.) Hacking

9.) Android- Learn to Root, Flash

10.) Google about Crack Paid Software using Decompiler and Disassembler!!!

11) Read  “C Programming Language” written by the creator of C – Dennis Ritchie

 

 

Extra-Edge Software

 

Civil

1.) Revit

2.) AutoCad

 

Computer Engineering

1.) Android App Development-IDE:-Eclipse

2.) Game Development Softwares

3.) Hacking-Backtrack OS

 

Chemical Engineering

1.) Aspen

2.) Super Pro Designer

3.) Open Foam

4.) Chemsketch

 

Mechanical Engineering

1.) Autodesk- AutoCad

2.)  Inventor

3.) Pro-e

4.) Google Sketch-Up

 

Electrical Engineering

1.) E-tap

2.) Matlab

3.) LabView

4.) PSCAD

5.) Simulink

6.) Lapack-Numerical Linear Algebra

 

Electronics

1.) MultiSim

2.) Proteus: Ckt and AVR MCU Simulation

3.) Eagle: PCB Designing

4.) Matlab: Mother of all things-

       Image Processing,Computer Vision,Control System Simulation, Digital Signal Processing

5.) NI’s LabView

 

Magazines

1.) ECE  – EFY

2.) Mech- Top Gear, Overdrive, AutoCar

3.) Chem- Chemical Engineering, World,Chemical Industry Digest

4.) Comps- Digit, Chip

5.) Electrical- Industrial Automation (IED Communications),IET(generation transmission and distribution)

 

Tech Fests

Even Semester

1.) IIT Bombay -Techfest Jan first week

2.) IIT Madras -Shaastra   Jan first week

3.) IIT Kharagpur -Kshitij Feb first week

4.) NIT Trichi-Pragyan-Feb End

5.) IIT Kanpur -TechKriti   March Mid

6.)BITS Pilani -Apogee   March Mid

7.) IIIT Hyderabad -Felicity

8.) IIT Roorkee -Cognizance

 

Odd Sem

1.) NIT Surathkal-Engineer – October End

2.) NIT Warangal-Technozion-   September End

 

God Father Sites

 

1.) http://www.howstuffworks.com/(Discovery’s Site-More of general Science)

2.) http://www.engineersgarage.com/

3.) http://www.extremeelectronics.com

4.) http://www.circuitstoday.com/

5.) www.societyofrobots.com (The best according to me)

6.) http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/

7.) http://www.ece101.com/

8.) http://narobo.com/

9.) http://www.pyroelectro.com/

10.) http://students.iitk.ac.in/roboclub/tutorials.php

 

Electrical Engineering

1.) controleng.com

2.) control.com

3.) electric.net

4.) controlglobal.com

 

Mechanical Engineering

1.) pirate4x4.com

2.) carbibles.com

3.) SudhaCars.com

 

 (Continue on right column ……)

Computer Engineering

1.) code.org

2.) codechef.com

3.) spoj.com

4.) Java Applets-http://walter-fendt.de/ph14e/

 

Others

1.) internshala.com

2.) knowafest.com

3.) twenty19.com

 

 

Sites to buy robotics stuff

In India:

1.) http://nex-robotics.com/

2.) http://www.robokits.co.in/

3.) http://www.vegarobokit.com/

4.) http://www.rcbazaar.com/default.aspx

5.) http://www.rcdhamaka.com/

 

World best online robotics store:

1.) Jameco

2.) Solarbotics

3.) Digi-key

4.) Radioshack.com

 

Movies

1.) Gravity

2.) October Sky

3.) Iron Man-1, 2, 3

4.) Wall-E

5.) Batman

6.) G I Joe-1, 2

7.) Transformers-1, 2, 3

8.) The Social Network

9.) Avatar

10.) Real Steel

11.) Pirates of Silicon Valley

12.) Blade Runner

13.) 2002: A Space Odyssey

TELEVISION SHOWS

 

Discovery, Discovery Science, Discovery Turbo

1.) How Tech Works

2.) Dark matters

3.) Extreme Engineering

4.) Deconstructed

 

History TV

1.) Modern Marvels

 

NatGeo TV

1.) Big, Bigger, Biggest

2.) MegaStructures

3.) MegaFactories

4.) I Didn’t Know That

5.) Ultimate Factories

6.) Mega Factories

 

 

Robotic Arm Replicating Human Hand Movement

Reading Time: 6 minutes

 Topics

  1. Anatomy of Human Hand
  2. Present Data Glove Technologies
  3. Glove Accessories
  4. Applications
  5. My Project

 

1      Anatomy of Human Hand

anatomy_1

anatomy_2

Human hand has 23 degrees of freedom:

 4 in each finger,

3 for extension and flexion and

one for abduction and adduction;

thumb is more complicated and has 4 DOF;

leaving 3 DOF for the rotation of the wrist

2      Present Data Glove Technologies

 

 

  • Pinch Glove

    Pinch-Glove
    Image Courtesy: http://www.mechdyne.com/

The first prototype, originally called the Chord Glove, was developed by Mapes at the University of Central Florida.Commercialized by Fakespace Laboratories (Mountain View, CA), it uses electrical contacts at the fingertips, on the back of fingers, or in the palm. When two or more electrical contacts meet, a conductive path is completed and a posture can be made. The PinchGlove interface detects whether a posture has been made and keeps a record of the posture duration. Postures can be programmed, and no additional posture recognition techniques are required. This makes the PinchGlove excellent for posture recognition with over 1000 postures theoretically possible.It uses polling algo. Asalient feature of this glove is that it does not require calibration. [1]

  • Didgi Glove  

    didgiglove
    Image Courtesy [1]

Commercialized by Didjiglove Pty, Ltd., the Didjiglove uses ten capacitive bend sensors to record finger flexion (fingers MCP and PIP, and thumb TCMP and MP). The sensors consist of two layers of conductive polymer separated by a dieletric. Each layer is comb-shaped; a change in the amount of sensor bending results in a change in the overlapping electrode surface, and ultimately in a change in capacitance. The Didjiglove requires calibration: to calibrate the glove, the user makes hand shapes and records these by pressing. It has small glove latency  (10ms)  It is designed for computer animation, and specifically to function as an advanced programming interface for toolkits such as 3-D Studio Max and Maya for which software drivers are provided. [1]

  • Cyber Glove

    Image Courtesy: http://www.vrealities.com/
    Image Courtesy: http://www.vrealities.com/
  • Cyber Force Image Courtesy: http://www.prweb.com/
    Cyber Force Image Courtesy: http://www.prweb.com/

 CyberGlove, created by Virtual Technologies, Inc. in 1990. Virtual Technologies was acquired by Immersion Corporation in September 2000. In 2009, the CyberGlove line of products was divested by Immersion Corporation and a new company, CyberGlove Systems LLC, took over development, manufacturing and sales of the CyberGlove.[2]

Image Courtesy: http://home.12move.nl/
Image Courtesy: http://home.12move.nl/

It comes equipped with 18 or 22 piezo-resistive sensors. The 18-sensor model features two bend sensors on each finger (MCP and PIP joints), and four abduction/adduction sensors ,plus sensors measuring thumb crossover, palm arch, wrist flexion, and wrist abduction/adduction. The 22-sensor model features four additional sensors for measuring DIP joints flexion. Calibration is needed to make glove measurements insensitive to differences in users’ hands, finger length, and thickness and convert sensor voltages to joint angles. It is performed with the Virtual Hand calibration software by having the user flex their hand a few times and editing the gain and offset parameter value for each sensor to best match the motion of the virtual hand to the physical hand. [1]

In addition to the CyberGlove, Immersion Corp also developed three other data glove products: the CyberTouch, which vibrates each individual finger of the glove when a finger touches an object in virtual reality; the CyberGrasp which actually simulates squeezing and touching of solid as well as spongy objects; and the CyberForce device which does all of the above and also measures the precise motion of the user’s entire arm.

  • Human Glove

Patented in 1997, it is commercialized by Humanware Srl (Pisa, Italy). It is equipped with 20 Halleffect sensors that measure flexion/extension of the four fingers MCP, PIP, and DIP joints and flexion/extension of the thumb TMCP, metacarpal phalangeal (MP), and interphalangeal (IP) joints, aswell as fingers and thumb abduction/adduction; two additional sensors measure wrist flexion and abduction/adduction.Glove calibration is similar to that of the CyberGlove and is performed through a software package called Graphical Virtual Hand, which displays an animated hand that mirrors movements of the user’s hand.

The Humanglove is a sensorized elastic fabric glove designed and commercialized by Humanware. The Humanglove is equipped with 20 Hall effect sensors. Each sensor measures data related to a DOF of the hand. The nominal sensor characteristics are resolution, 0.4° over a range up to 90°; linearity, about 1 percent full-scale output; and accuracy, about 1°. However, no information about the sensors is available concerning their performance when they are mounted on the elastic fabric glove.[1]

  • 5DT Data Glove 

Uses optical-fiber flexor sensors 1 sensor per finger to measure overall flexion of the

Image Courtesy: http://www.metamotion.com/
Image Courtesy: http://www.metamotion.com/

four fingers (average of MCP and PIP joint flexion) and thumb (average of MP and IP joint flexion)& 1 tilt sensor to measure tilt of wrist. Gesture library uses binary open/close configurations for the fingers, excluding the thumb, so that 2^4 = 16 possible gestures can be generated.   (V) [1]

3      Glove Accessories

A complete description of hand movement requires knowledge of

1. Hand configuration (amount of joint bending or joint relative positions)  – Sensor Glove

2. Hand position in space (location and orientation of the hand, for a total of 6 DoFs—3 for translations and 3 for rotations) – 3 D Trackers

Key performance parameters  of sensor– accuracy in dergrees , jitter, drift and Latency

Sensor are broadly classified into

  • Magnetic
  • Ultrasonic
  • Optical
  • Inertial
Tracker

Principal

Advantage

Disadvantage

Magnetic-Hall-effect eg RFID
Magnetic field producedby a stationary transmitter to determine the positionof moving receiver elementlowcost, reasonable accuracy, and no requirement of directline of sight transmitter–receiversensitivity to magnetic fields and ferromagnetic materials.
Ultrasonic
Ultrasonic signalproduced by a stationary transmitter to determine the positionof a moving receiverNo metallic interferenceSuffer from echoes from hard surfacesRequire direct line of sight Update rate is approximately 50 datasets/s, less than half that of magnetic trackers
Optical
Uses optical sensing to determine the real-time position/orientation of an objectInsensitive to metallic interferenceline of sightSensitivity to reflection of light from surfaces in theenvironment.
InertialEg Accelerometer
measures the rate of change of an object’s orientation or therate of change of an object’s translation velocityUnlimited rangeNo line-of-sight constraintsLow sensor noiseSensitive to drift and bias of thesensors

 

 

4      Applications

  • 3D Modelling
  • Virtual Training
  • Control a robot
  • Tech a robot in natural way
  • Video Games
  • Communication System for Deaf
  • Motor rehabilitation, human motion analysis
  • Wearable Computers
  • (V)

5      My Project

Till now I completed the survey of kinds of Data Glove and the kind of technology they use. I have also created my virtual reality model. Future steps I will undertake

  1. Decide Sensor’s which are most appropriate for my application
  2. Intergate sensors with hardware to process the data- NI Hardware  (V)
  3. Virtual Hand Designing in Autodesk Inventor(Completed)
  4. Integrating VR Hand  to sensory data – NI Labview

Pics of hand I designed in Autodesk Inventor

 

 myproject_5 myproject_2 myproject_1
 myproject_7 myproject_4 myproject_6
 myproject_7 myproject_9 myproject_3

So keep following this post for viewing the future work in this project!!!!!

#References

[1] Dipietro, L.; Sabatini, A.M.; Dario, P., “A Survey of Glove-Based Systems and Their Applications,” Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews, IEEE Transactions on , vol.38, no.4, pp.461,482, July 2008

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_glove 

History & Latest Trends In Microcontroller & Microprocessor

Reading Time: 5 minutes

      

       Topics :-

  • –   Physical View of MPU & MCU
  • –   Moore’s Law
  • –   Key Features Of MPU & MCU
  • –    Bridge between College and Real Life Scenario-Work Of Intel Engineer
  • –   Latest in MPU & MCU
  • –   Leading Companies In MPU

 

Physical View of MPU & MCU:

Historical Background

Fairchild

  • –   Fairchild Semiconductors founded in 1957, invented the first IC in 1959.
  • –   In 1968, Robert Noyce, Gordan Moore, Andrew Grove resigned from Fairchild Semiconductors.
  • –   Found their own company Intel (Integrated Electronics).
  • –   Intel grows from 3 man start-up in 1968 to industrial giant by 1981.
  • –   It had 82,500 employees (2010) and $53.34 Billion revenue(2012).

Timeline:

  • –   1947-Invention Of Transistor
  • –   1959-Invention Of Integrated Circuit
  • –   1965-Birth Of Moore’s Law
  • –   1971-Development of First Microprocessor-4004
  • –   1971-Development of First Microcontroller-TMS1000
  • –   2011 May 2, , Intel announced its first 22 nm microprocessor, codenamed Ivy Bridge, using a technology called 3-D Tri-Gate

 

Gorden Moore’s Law

”The number of transistors on integrated circuits will double approximately every 24 months.”

 moores law

 So what changes do they do actually?

Bring in Advanced Micro-architecture technology which puts in more and more no. of transistors on a unit sized chip

 

Key Features Of MPU & MCU:

  • Smaller Size
  • Lower Cost
  • Higher Reliability
  • Lower Power Consumption-CMOS
  • Higher Versatility
  • More Powerful

 

Bridge between College and Real Life Scenario-Work Of Intel Engineer

What do these Engineers do?[1]

–   Process Engineers-develop the most efficient methods for semiconductor manufacturing using state-of-the-art equipment and materials

–   Yield Engineers– work closely with process engineers to improve product yield and to troubleshoot process flow from root causes to equipment tuning

–   Equipment Engineers–  own and lead the stability, improvement, maintenance and performance functions of extremely advanced tools

–   Design Automation and Computer Aided Design (CAD) Engineers– design, develop, maintain, and provide user support of CAD tools, assist with schematic entry and analysis in the integrated circuit design process, and create and implement computer-controlled automatic test systems. In all of these tasks, their core objectives are simple—to improve quality and reduce costs

–   Hardware and Software
Product Development- ensuring the testability and manufacturability of integrated circuits, optimizing component production, and evaluating, developing and debugging complex test methods. Working with our process technology development and product teams, these individuals help deliver the best process and design effective reliability models based on ROI, process limitations, Q&R requirements and product usage models

–   Component Design and Validation–  responsible for chip layout, circuit design, circuit checking, device evaluation, and validation. Starting with product requirements and logic diagrams, they plan design projects and help address the unique needs of our customers

–   Research and Development– Explore how customers interact with technology, what they love about it, and how to make off-the-wall ideas usable reality. Whether you’re applying new materials, emerging technologies or customer insights, your innovations will be what transforms the computing capabilities of tomorrow.

 

Latest in MPU & MCU:

What the hell is the difference between these i3 i5 and i7 Processors???

I3I5I7
–   Cores-2(dual)–   3-4 MB Cache–   2.93 to 3.06 GHz Clock Speed –   Cores2(dual)/4(Quard)Threads-2/4–   4/(6-8) MB Cache–   3.2 to 3.6/2.4 to 2.6 GHz Clock Speed– Cores-4(quard)8 MB Cache3.06 to 3.2 GHz Clock Speed  
–   Threads-4 Threads 2/4Threads-8
–   Hyperthreading-Yes–   Hyperthreading-Yes/NoHyperthreading-Yes
–   Turbo Boost-No–   Turbo Boost-Yes/YesTurbo Boost-Yes
–   32 nm technology–   32/45 nm technology32-45 nm technology

 

 

Meaning Of Pratik has 64-Bit Laptop???

  • –   It means the Microprocessor has 64 data bus lines.
  • –   So if you have 32 bit Microprocessor, then it means that there are 32 data lines .

Meaning of 256 MB Memory

–   256 =2^8

–   So there are in total 8 address lines

 

Leading Companies In MPU:

 intel

INTEL

 

 

  • –   Integrated Electronics founded in 1968
  • –   Paul Otellini –CEO
  • –   Headquarter-Santa Clara ,California
  • –   Intel has also begun research in electrical transmission and generation
  • –   It has 23,000 employers
  • –    Intel has recently introduced a 3-D transistor that improves performance and energy efficiency.
  • –   Intel has begun mass producing this 3-D transistor, named the Tri-Gate transistor, with their 22 nm process, which is currently used in their 3rd generation core processors initially released on April 29, 2012

Others:

 

 

 History & Latest Trends In Microcontroller & Microprocessor microcontroller vs microprocessorHistory & Latest Trends In Microcontroller & Microprocessor microcontroller vs microprocessorHistory & Latest Trends In Microcontroller & Microprocessor microcontroller vs microprocessor
History & Latest Trends In Microcontroller & Microprocessor microcontroller vs microprocessor History & Latest Trends In Microcontroller & Microprocessor microcontroller vs microprocessor History & Latest Trends In Microcontroller & Microprocessor microcontroller vs microprocessor

 

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